The red marker on the map is the epicenter of the earthquake, the focus of which was in the Pacific Ocean near the Tonga Islands, at a depth of 10 km, 94 km S-SE of Pangai and 150 km NE of Nuku'alofa, the capital of the Kingdom of Tonga.
|
Time in origin (GMT) |
Latitude, degree |
Longitude, degree |
Depth, km |
Stations number |
Ms/N |
mb/N |
I0 (calculated) |
GAP |
Center |
| 1
|
12:18:46.0
|
-20.56 |
-173.94 |
10.0 |
76
|
7.1/61 |
7.0/31 |
10-10.5 |
41
|
GS RAS(Verified) Federal research center, Geophysical survey of Russian Academy of Sciences
|
|
2
|
12:18:45.3
|
-20.36 |
-173.47 |
10.0 |
12
|
|
6.9/10 |
9.5-10 |
|
GS RAS(Preliminary) Federal research center, Geophysical survey of Russian Academy of Sciences
|
|
3
|
12:18:47.8
|
-20.45 |
-174.08 |
10.0 |
269
|
Mw 7.1 |
6.9/146 |
|
21
|
CSEM European - Mediterranean seismological center
|
|
4
|
12:18:47.8
|
-20.33 |
-173.91 |
29.0 |
63
|
Mw 7.0/98 |
6.8/86 |
|
76
|
NEIC National Earthquakes Information Center of US Geological Service
|
Fig. 1 presents fragments of records obtained from digital stations Port Moresby (∆ 39.1º), Hobart (∆ 39.3º), Stephens Creek (∆ 41.2º), Tennant Creek (∆ 48.4º), Casey (∆ 65.5º). Fig. 2 presents fragments of records obtained from digital stations Severo-Kurilsk (∆ 75.7º), Petropavlovsk (∆ 77.4º), Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (∆ 77.7º), Vladivostok (∆ 80.6º), Magadan (∆ 84.9º).
Image 1
Image 2
GS RAS registered six aftershocks with M>=4.9 within 10 hours after the main shock.
| N |
Time in origin (GMT) |
Latitude, degree |
Longitude, degree |
Depth, km |
Stations number |
Ms/N |
mb/N |
I0 (calculated) |
Region |
| 20251646
|
30/03/2025 14:24:45.0.0 |
-20.35 |
-173.73 |
10.0 |
33 |
|
5.1/13 |
5.5-6 |
Tonga Islands
|
| 20251647
|
30/03/2025 15:04:55.0.0 |
-20.41 |
-173.95 |
10.0 |
63 |
|
5.9/23 |
7.5-8 |
Tonga Islands
|
| 20251648
|
30/03/2025 15:26:17.0.0 |
-20.24 |
-173.87 |
10.0 |
22 |
|
5.3/14 |
6-6.5 |
Tonga Islands
|
| 20251649
|
30/03/2025 15:33:49.0.0 |
-20.29 |
-173.89 |
10.0 |
34 |
|
5.7/15 |
7-7.5 |
Tonga Islands
|
| 20251650
|
30/03/2025 19:30:25.0.0 |
-20.3 |
-173.71 |
10.0 |
12 |
|
4.9/5 |
5-5.5 |
Tonga Islands
|
| 20251652
|
30/03/2025 21:51:41.0.0 |
-20.37 |
-173.82 |
10.0 |
15 |
|
5.3/9 |
6-6.5 |
Tonga Islands
|
Focal mechanism solution of the origin was calculated by GS RAS with signs of initial arrivals of P waves at 94 stations, including 69 stations which registered compression waves (plus signs), and 25 stations which registered tensile waves (minus signs). The stations are located in the interval of epicentral distances 1.4-99.8º and in azimuth sector Az=0-359º. Focal mechanism solution in stereographic projection on the lower hemisphere and elements of the mechanism are presented in the table. The table also contains focal mechanism solutions obtained at the USGS NEIC with WW-phase Moment Tensor (Mww) technique and in Lamont-Dohert Earth Observatory of Columbia University, USA (LDEO GCMT) with СМТ (Centroid moment tensor) technique. Solutions from different centers are close.The earthquake was caused by predominantly E-NE oriented compression stresses. (AZ=63-69º). One nodal plane NP1 strikes N (STK=350-354º), another NP2 – strikes SE (STK=125º-141º). Nodal plane NP2 is dipping more horizontally (DP=33-39º) if compared with NP1 (DP=56-61º). The type of motion along both planes– reverse fault. The seismic moment of the earthquake was obtained in GS RAS from the spectra of P waves registered at the station "Petropavlovsk" (∆ 77º), it makes Mo=4.19*10**19 N*m, Mw=7.0. The seismic moment according to USGS NEIC makes Mo=4.15*10**19 N*m, Mww=7.0. According to LDEO GCMT it makes Mo=4.15*10**19 N*m, Mw=7.0.
| Axes of main strengths |
Nodal planes |
Center |
|
| T |
P |
N |
NP1 |
NP2 |
PI: 63
Azm: 309
|
PI: 12
Azm: 63
|
PI: 24
Azm: 159
|
Stk: 353
Dp: 61
Slip: 118
|
Stk: 125
Dp: 39
Slip: 50
|
GS RAS Federal research center, Geophysical survey of Russian Academy of Sciences
|
|
PI: 66
Azm: 300
|
PI: 16
Azm: 69
|
PI: 18
Azm: 164
|
Stk: 354
Dp: 63
Slip: 110
|
Stk: 135
Dp: 33
Slip: 56
|
NEIC National Earthquakes Information Center of US Geological Service
|
|
PI: 73
Azm: 304
|
PI: 10
Azm: 68
|
PI: 14
Azm: 161
|
Stk: 350
Dp: 56
Slip: 107
|
Stk: 141
Dp: 37
Slip: 66
|
GCMT Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Global CMT Columbia University, USA
|
|